Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) has potential for providing the distributed spinning reserve to the power system.We proposed an autonomous V2G control scheme managing the vehicle user’s convenience, the batterycondition during the idle time, and the contribution to the power system, simultaneously. V2G power iscontrolled corresponding to the frequency deviation detected at the plug-in terminal and the desirable battery State-of-Charge for the plug-out. In this paper, the proposed control scheme is implementedto an electric vehicle and charging system. Performances of the interface, communication and control structure, and system efficiency and time response are verified by using the test system coordinating and electric vehicle battery test bed with a DC charging port, a controllable bi-directional power conditioner,and an integrated interface controller.

The project is designed as a security system based on photo sensing arrangement. It uses a 14 stage ripples carry binary counter to sense the light intensity through LDR. The output drives a buzzer and relay for necessary action. This concept is very useful to detect burglars from banks, malls, jewellery stores and also in homes. The system based on an electronic eye : it is an LDR sensor, called light dependent resistor. when light falls on the sensor, when LDR in dark state resets the IC CD4060 which goes low and has no impact on BC547 results relay in off condition, when LDR in bright mode then the transistor in on condition and its resistance drastically decreases which lead to triggering an alarm to alert the user. This system best suit in the application of providing security for cash boxes and lockers, which can be found in malls , jeweller shops, and banks. The circuit is placed inside the box or locker in such a way that, when the burglar opens the locker and uses a torch light to find a valuables, the light falls on the circuit which contains an electronic eye (LDR) and gives a signal to ripple counter. this activates the alarm or emerging beeper and indicates a burglary attempt. Also a lamp is used to indicate the theft when the light falls on the LDR.

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA) or Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) is a nation-wide campaign in India for the period 2014 to 2019 that aims to clean up the streets, roads and infrastructure of India's cities, towns, and rural areas. The campaign's official name is in Hindi and translates to 'Clean India Mission' in English. The objectives of Swachh Bharat include eliminating open defecation through the construction of household-owned and community-owned toilets and establishing an accountable mechanism of monitoring toilet use. Run by the Government of India.

A thing in the internet of things can be a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm animal with a biochip transponder, an automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the driver when tire pressure is low or any other natural or man-made object that can be assigned an IP address and is able to transfer data over a network. Increasingly, organizations in a variety of industries are using IoT to operate more efficiently, better understand customers to deliver enhanced customer service, improve decision-making and increase the value of the business.

PLC stands for Programmable Logic Controllers. They are basically used to control automated systems in industries. They are one of the most advanced and simplest forms of control systems which are now replacing hard wired logic relays at a large scale. They were first developed in the automobile manufacturing industry to provide flexible, ruggedized and easily programmable controllers to replace hard-wired relays, timers and sequencers. Since then they have been widely adopted as high-reliability automation controllers suitable for harsh environments. A PLC is an example of a

SCADA is an acronym for supervisory control and data acquisition, a computer system for gathering and analyzing real time data. SCADA systems are used to monitor and control a plant or equipment in industries such as telecommunications, water and waste control, energy, oil and gas refining and transportation. How SCADA Systems Work A SCADA system gathers information, such as where a leak on a pipeline has occurred, transfers the information back to a central site, alerting the home station that the leak has occurred, carrying out necessary analysis and control, such as determining if the leak is critical, and displaying the information in a logical and organized fashion. SCADA systems can be relatively simple, such as one that monitors environmental conditions of a small office building, or incredibly complex, such as a system that monitors all the activity in a nuclear power plant or the activity of a municipal water system. SCADA systems were first used in the 1960s.